China expands Military footprint in Indian Ocean, Is it a new threat for India?

China has increased its presence in Indian Ocean region through its debt-trap diplomacy and string of pearls strategy .

Here is a descriptive map to show the military bases of China in the victim countries and island. 

presence of China in Indian's ocean

 Debt-trap diplomacy of china

1. In Debt-trap diplomacy of china provide large infrastructural loans to strategically located developing countries.
2. The policy has been considered debt-trap diplomacy because once the debt economies fail to service their loans they are said to be pressured to support china's geostrategic interest.   

Involvement of China in IOR(INDIAN OCEAN REGION) 

China has significantly increased it's presence in Indian ocean region over the past three decades.

By using String of pearls theory China increases the span of its military network and commercial facilities and relationships along it's sea lines of communication, which extends from the Chinese mainland to port Sudan in the Horn of Africa. 

Here is the list of some military bases of China:-

• Naval base at Djibouti:-

The Chinese people's Liberation Army Support Base in Djibouti is a military base operated by the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy, located in Djibouti in the Horn of Africa.

• Pakistan's Gwadar port:-
  
  

Pakistan always claims that there is  
no involvement of China in 
the Gwadar port. 
But the fact is that 

China is secretly building a high-security compound near Gwadar Port in Pakistan's Balochistan province which it will probably use for naval base. 

china is planing to deploy a nuclear submarine at Gwadar port in southwestern pakistan. 

• Artificial island in Maldives:-

Satellite image from

 january 2018 

and february 2020 

show china 

has reclaimed nearly

 60,000 square kilometer 

of land by face lifiting 

Feydhoo Finolhu 

Island in Maldives.

• Naval base at Cox Bazar:-Powertech technology Inc,has been

 contracted to construct a permanent 

submarine base in Bangladesh Cox's Bazar. 

china will have a visiting rights to this 

port which means china will have rights

 to dock its submarines near the eastern 

coast of india.It is poses serious threat to 

eastern command of India navy.

Why should India concern about "Spring of pearls policy of China", is there any threat for India? 

This as such a system would encircle India and threaten its power projection, trade, and potentially territorial integrity.Furthermore, China's support for India's traditional enemy of Pakistan and its Gwadar Port is viewed as a threat, compounded by fears that China may develop an overseas naval military base in Gwadar,which could allow China to conduct expeditionary warfare in the IOR. From the east, the deep-water port of Kyaukpyu is also viewed with similar concern. The first comprehensive academic analyses of Chinese plan and its security implications for New Delhi is known to be undertaken in February 2008 by an active-duty Indian naval officer.Antedating China's anti-piracy naval deployment in the Indian Ocean beginning in December 2008, and the ensuing acquisition of its first overseas military in Djibouti in August 2017, his analysis predicting China's "permanent military presence" in Indian Ocean is viewed by Indian policymakers as prescient. Accordingly, India has since been making moves of various types to counter the perceived threat.

India’s Countermeasures for China’s String of Pearls

• Evolving India’s Look East Policy, which was initially launched as an effort to integrate India’s economy with South East Asian nations, is now turned into a more robust military to military partnership with important nations in that region. Important military and strategic agreements have been made with Vietnam, South Korea, Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand and Singapore.
• India has good relations with IOR countries like Maldives, Mauritius, and Seychelles and is making efforts to strengthen these ties further. India has aided Maldives government with several battleships and Helicopters. India is in talks with Seychelles to create an Indian military base on one of its Islands. India already has a military base in Madgascar. 
• India has made strategic agreements for military cooperation in the region with Japan, Australia and USA. The four countries carry out joint military exercises in the IOR region and are known as the ‘Quad’.
• India has developed Chhabahar port in Iran, opening a new land sea route to Central Asian countries by-passing Pakistan. Chhabahar give India a strategic postion since it overlooks Gulf of Oman, a very strategic oil supply route.

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